Adult ADHD Medication
ADHD medication is a way to manage symptoms, but it's not a cure. Psychological interventions are recommended, especially in the most deprived areas.
NHS prescriptions for CNS stimulants, and ADHD medications quadrupled during the Covid pandemic compared to previous years. However, the differences in prescribing and referrals are apparent by the region.
What is ADHD?
People with untreated ADHD will often find that they are unable to manage the demands of daily life and this can lead to problems in various areas of their lives. They may experience difficulties at work as well as in their relationships and with their self-esteem. They could also be at a greater risk of developing comorbid illnesses such as depression, substance abuse, or anxiety.
To be diagnosed with ADHD a person must display at least five of the following symptoms:
The most prominent symptoms of ADHD that are characterized by inattentiveness include:
Trouble focusing on schoolwork or at work. Making medication for adhd and anxiety at work or with homework assignments. Having trouble finishing tasks, or getting bored with them quickly. Finding it difficult to remember important dates, numbers, or other important information. You might be having difficulty with household chores and responsibilities. You might have difficulty keeping track of the time or miss appointments and meetings. You have difficulty sitting still for a long period of time. When talking to others it can be difficult to keep your eyes on them or appear to be ignoring them.
People with the Primarily Hyperactive symptoms of ADHD may exhibit some of the following:
Many people with ADHD are able to hide their ADHD by devising strategies to hide the symptoms. They may not discuss their symptoms with family or friends and may not seek help until their problems are severe enough to impact their living quality.
ADHD can be difficult for children to deal with and may not develop into a problem until adulthood as new pressures and stressors enter play. The symptoms may be overlooked by parents and teachers or they might be misdiagnosed as mental health conditions like anxiety, depression or a substance use disorder.
To be diagnosed with ADHD, a healthcare professional will evaluate the patient by conducting clinical interviews and using behavioral scales, and take into account the family history, current medical issues and other causes that could be a factor in the individual's problems. They will then formulate a diagnosis based on the guidelines set by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).
Adults with ADHD are usually treated with medications. Most commonly prescribed medications include stimulants. They increase the levels in the brain of certain neurotransmitters and increase concentration, impulsivity and hyperactivity, while decreasing hyperactivity. The medications can be consumed by mouth or injection. A psychiatrist will monitor and adjust the dosage to find the ideal level for each individual.
Other non-medication treatments for adults suffering from ADHD include support groups, behavioural therapy and lifestyle modifications. A healthy diet and routine of exercise, and avoiding caffeine, sugar or alcohol in the hours before bedtime can help to reduce symptoms. For some adults, hiring a job coach is beneficial in helping them manage their symptoms at work. Moreover, the Department for Work and Pensions offers a program called Access to Work which can offer financial and practical assistance to assist with adjustments to the workplace.
Stimulant drugs
Stimulant drugs are the most common kind of medication used to treat ADHD. They are designed to alter the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain that control attention and hyperactivity. They are fast acting and can be working within 45-60 minute.
These drugs are the first choice for people diagnosed with ADHD in adults. They are generally well tolerated and are relatively safe. They have been shown reduce the severity of a number of symptoms, including inattention and hyperactivity. They are not a remedy and should only be used in conjunction with psychoeducation, therapy, and ongoing support.
These medications can have adverse effects. They can cause loss of appetite, sleeplessness and insomnia and the decrease in blood pressure and heartbeat. These medicines may also increase the risk for seizures in children and teenagers. These medicines may also cause sudden death in those suffering from heart conditions that are underlying, such as cardiomyopathy and conduction disorder.
Stimulants and non-stimulants are both approved medications for treating adult ADHD. Stimulants increase the metabolism and have been shown to be beneficial in treating the core symptoms of ADHD. Three stimulant drugs are approved in the UK; methylphenidate (e.g. Ritalin Concerta, Ritalin) and two amphetamine-based classes, dexamfetamine (e.g. Adderall, Dexedrine) and Lisdexamfetamine (e.g. Elvanse, Vyvanse). Atomoxetine is a "prodrug drug' that has a protein attached to it which the body removes to release dexamfetamine.
Non-stimulants like atomoxetine and guanfacine, are less frequently used, but are very effective. These drugs work by enhancing the chemical signal between nerves that relies on neurotransmitters like dopamine or noradrenaline to send messages. These can take longer to effect than stimulants, but they can be very beneficial for people suffering from co-occurring ADHD depression, anxiety, or ADHD.
It is crucial to receive a formal diagnosis made by an experienced psychiatrist who has expertise in neurodevelopmental disorders. Before beginning any new medication, this must be done. It is also a great idea to find a doctor who will support the medication by making regular appointments. This is especially important when starting a new medication since a GP is able to check for any potential problems that might arise during the initial treatment.
GPs can also be helpful in identifying and describing symptoms of ADHD. These symptoms can be used to decide if further investigation is needed and what treatment options are most suitable.
It is essential for those who have undiagnosed ADHD to be aware that it can have a serious effect on a person’s life and career as well as relationships. Undiagnosed and untreated individuals can endure long-lasting, negative effects. These effects may be difficult to reverse. Therefore, if you think your child or you may be suffering from ADHD it is crucial that you speak to your GP as soon as you can.